Why is the Hardware Signer safer than a standard seed signer?

There are three main types of authentication:

1. Something you know – e.g., a password
2. Something you have – e.g., a physical device
3. Something you are – e.g., your face or fingerprint

Effective security typically combines at least two of the above forms. 

The Seed Signer relies solely on “something you know,” which is considered the weakest form of authentication. 

In contrast, the Hardware Signer incorporates both “something you have”—your phone, where the key is securely stored in the device’s security module and cannot be extracted—and “something you are,” such as your biometric ID (face or fingerprint), which authorizes the security chip to sign transactions. As a result, you benefit from two-factor authentication (2FA), combining “something you have” and “something you are.

For a detailed walkthrough, see this tutorial: